One of the most splendidly adorned insects is the butterfly. If I asked you to tell me about your favorite insect, my guess is that butterflies would be at the top of the list for most people. Because of the public admiration of butterflies, most of the 50 states have selected a state butterfly. In 1988, the Georgia Legislature passed a bill designating the Eastern tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus) as the official state butterfly.
These summer beauties have four wings with yellow and black stripes on their forewings and one orange eyespot at the posterior end of each hindwing as well as a distinctive tail at the end of each hindwing. The female tiger swallowtails are adorned with an additional feature, a series of five blue circles lining the area above the tail of both hindwings. Some female swallowtails in the South are completely black but contain a shadow of the tiger stripe.
Every summer I anxiously await the arrival of the butterflies, especially the Eastern tiger swallowtails. They are the most abundant of the butterflies that visit our Georgia gardens. When the sun is shining, the swallowtails look for bright colored, nectar-producing flowers. They can also be seen at mud puddles and on asphalt to obtain water and some of the essential minerals needed for survival. During their short, two-week life as adult butterflies, they have two missions: to obtain nourishment from the nectar in flowers and to find a host plant to lay their eggs. They prefer to lay their eggs on birch, wild cherry, tulip poplar and ash trees. The leaves of these trees serve as the food supply for the hungry caterpillars after they hatch from the egg.
As the caterpillar increases in size and weight, it will shed its exoskeleton several times, and each time the exoskeleton is replaced by a new and larger one. When the larva, or caterpillars, reach…
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